Otyłość dziecięca z perspektywy dzieci i rodziców. Aspekt behawioralny, emocjonalny, poznawczy
- Autor: Kamila Czepczor-Bernat
- Wydawca: Difin
- ISBN: 978-83-66491-91-5
- Data wydania: 2021
- Liczba stron/format: 198/B5
- Oprawa: miękka
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Otyłość należy do chorób cywilizacyjnych, a liczba osób nią dotkniętych
z roku na rok wciąż wzrasta. Postęp cywilizacyjny i techniczny sprzyja rozwojowi
otyłości. Szczególnie niepokojący jest fakt, że zaburzenie to coraz częściej występuje u najmłodszych członków społeczeństwa – dzieci i młodzieży. W Polsce, wśród dzieci w wieku szkolnym, na nadwagę i otyłość cierpi co piąty chłopiec i co siódma dziewczynka. Z tych statystyk widać, że otyłość dzieci i młodzieży staje się wyzwaniem nie tylko dla zdrowia publicznego, ale i samych młodych ludzi i ich rodzin.
W prezentowanej książce przedstawiono podstawowe informacje związane z diagnozą i badaniami otyłości dziecięcej, ze szczególnym skupieniem się na aspektach związanych z funkcjonowaniem psychologicznym. Zaprezentowano także badania własne w tym zakresie, które uwzględniają diadyczną perspektywę (dziecko – rodzic) postrzegania problemu otyłości dziecięcej. Ostatni rozdział poświęcony został wybranym strategiom prewencyjnym i interwencyjnym u dzieci i młodzieży z nadmierną masą ciała w Polsce i na świecie.
Patronat:
Spis treści:
Wprowadzenie
Rozdział 1. Otyłość w grupie dzieci i młodzieży
1.1. Rozpowszechnienie
1.2. Definicja i diagnoza
1.3. Wieloczynnikowe uwarunkowania otyłości
1.3.1. Wybrane czynniki socjoekonomiczne
1.3.2. Wybrane czynniki fizjologiczne
1.3.3. Wybrane czynniki rodzinne
1.3.4. Wybrane czynniki psychospołeczne
1.4. Konsekwencje otyłości
Rozdział 2. Wybrane aspekty funkcjonowania behawioralnego, emocjonalnego i poznawczego wśród dzieci i młodzieży
2.1. Wprowadzenie
2.2. Obraz ciała
2.2.1. Definicja i charakterystyka
2.2.2. Ocena negatywnego obrazu ciała w grupie dzieci i młodzieży
2.2.3. Wybrane czynniki biorące udział w kształtowaniu się obrazu ciała
2.2.4. Obraz ciała a inne aspekty funkcjonowania psychologicznego
2.2.5. Pomiar obrazu ciała w grupie dzieci i młodzieży
2.3. Style jedzenia
2.3.1. Rozwój i charakterystyka sposobu odżywiania się
2.3.1.1. Definicja
2.3.2. Nienormatywne style i zachowania żywieniowe oraz powiązane z nimi inne aspekty funkcjonowania psychologicznego w grupie dzieci i młodzieży
2.3.3. Pomiar postaw i zachowań żywieniowych w grupie dzieci i młodzieży
2.4. Doświadczane emocje
2.4.1. Definicja
2.4.2. Emocje i stres a inne aspekty funkcjonowania psychologicznego w grupie dzieci i młodzieży
2.4.3. Pomiar doświadczania emocji w grupie dzieci i młodzieży
Rozdział 3. Perspektywa diadyczna (dziecko – rodzic): teoria i badania
3.1. Perspektywa diadyczna – wprowadzenie
3.2. Diady w badaniach
Rozdział 4. Psychologiczne funkcjonowanie dzieci i młodzieży z otyłością – badania własne
4.1. Cele badań
4.2. Charakterystyka grupy
4.3. Narzędzia badawcze
4.3.1. Zachowania żywieniowe dzieci oceniane z perspektywy rodziców: Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ)
4.3.2. Style jedzenia dzieci i młodzieży: Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire for Children (DEBQ-C)
4.3.3. Emocje doświadczane przez dzieci i młodzież: Positive and Negative Affect Scale for Children (PANAS-C)
4.3.4. Niezadowolenie z ciała: Children’s Body Image Scale (dzieci) i Figure Rating Scale (młodzież)
4.3.5. Zmienne socjodemograficzne oraz motywacja do zmiany wyglądu i sposobu odżywiania się
4.4. Analiza statystyczna
4.5. Wyniki i ich dyskusja
4.5.1. Hipotezy 1-6: porównanie dzieci i młodzieży o zróżnicowanym wskaźniku masy ciała w zakresie niezadowolenia z ciała, stylów jedzenia oraz doświadczanych emocji
4.5.2. Hipotezy 7-14: porównanie dzieci i młodzieży o zróżnicowanym wskaźniku masy ciała w zakresie ich zachowań żywieniowych ocenianych przez rodziców
4.5.3. Hipoteza 15 – perspektywa diadyczna: analiza związku pomiędzy wskaźnikiem masy ciała dzieci i młodzieży a tym wskaźnikiem u rodziców oraz subiektywną oceną dotyczącą statusu materialnego rodziny i motywacji do zmiany masy ciała i sposobu odżywiania się dzieci i młodzieży
4.5.4. Hipoteza 16 – perspektywa diadyczna: analiza zależności pomiędzy emocjonalnym jedzeniem/emocjonalnym objadaniem się u dzieci i młodzieży a kategorią BMI rodziców i ich dzieci (prawidłowa vs nadmierna masa ciała) oraz niezadowoleniem z ciała u dzieci
4.5.5. Ograniczenia badań i implikacje
Rozdział 5. Wybrane strategie prewencyjne i interwencje u dzieci i młodzieży z nadmierną masą ciała
5.1. Nadwaga i otyłość w świetle wskazań dotyczących działań prewencyjnych i interwencyjnych
5.1.1. Polskie Towarzystwo Otyłości Dziecięcej
5.2. Wybrane obszary oddziaływań i ich grupy docelowe
5.2.1. Opis wybranych oddziaływań w grupie dzieci i młodzieży
5.2.1.1. Działania w Polsce
5.2.1.2. Działania na świecie
Bibliografia
Załącznik
Książka stanowi uzupełnienie prezentowanej na polskim rynku wydawniczym wiedzy dotyczącej otyłości o aspekt funkcjonowania psychologicznego dzieci i młodzieży z otyłością. W wielu monografiach autorzy skupiają się na funkcjonowaniu fizjologicznym (przedstawiając otyłość z perspektywy medycznej lub dietetycznej), pomijając jednocześnie między innymi tak istotne kwestie, jakimi są obraz ciała oraz regulowanie przez otyłe dzieci doświadczanych emocji za pomocą pokarmu. Współcześni eksperci zajmujący się tematyką otyłości podkreślają, że dla osiągnięcia najlepszych rezultatów w zapobieganiu i leczeniu należy uwzględnić interdyscyplinarną perspektywę patrzenia na pacjentów – zatem również aspekt psychologiczny, o którym tak niewiele jak dotąd pisano w polskich monografiach i poradnikach. Oprócz części teoretycznej i empirycznej, które mogą stać się inspiracją dla badań innych naukowców, została podniesiona kwestia pracy klinicznej z otyłymi dziećmi i młodzieżą. Monografia jest zatem przydatnym narzędziem dla praktyków na co dzień pracujących w tym obszarze. Pozycja jest także bardzo dobrym kompendium wiedzy i narzędzi diagnostycznych, które będą przydatne w codziennej pracy zarówno specjalistom/członkom zespołów wielodyscyplinarnych takim jak psycholodzy, lekarze i dietetycy, jak i naukowcom, którzy planują prowadzić badania w zakresie otyłości wieku rozwojowego.
Kamila Czepczor-Bernat doktor nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu, psycholog, adiunkt w Instytucie Psychologii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego. Autorka publikacji naukowych dotyczących zachowań żywieniowych, obrazu ciała i psychologicznego aspektu otyłości. Aktywnie uczestniczy w realizacji projektów krajowych i międzynarodowych. Obecnie wraz z zespołem, którego jest kierownikiem, weryfikuje homeostatyczną teorię otyłości wśród dzieci i młodzieży (Preludium 13, Narodowe Centrum Nauki). Członek rady redakcyjnej Eating and Weight Disorders.
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