Twój koszyk zakupów jest pusty!
58,50 zł
76,50 zł
49,50 zł
40,50 zł
/
Cena detaliczna
Najniższa cena z ostatnich 30 dni: 40.50 zł
10% taniej
Książka nominowana w konkursie ECONOMICUS 2020 w kategorii: najlepszy poradnik biznesowy.Czym jest technologia blockchain, na czym polega jej istota i jakie możliwości się z nią wiążą? Wielu autorów zwraca uwagę na problemy z zaufaniem do klasycznie funkcjonujących mechanizmów jak również odnosi się do nowych możliwości technologicznych i ekonomicznych. W niniejszej pracy decydowano się obrać inny kierunek rozważań, prezentujący znacznie bardziej abstrakcyjne podejście. Przesłanki te zostały bowiem rozważone z punktu widzenia zmian jakie dotyczyły funkcji i roli zapisu, a w szczególności wiążącej się z nimi wartości, w każdym z trzech wymiarów transakcji wymiany. Technologia blockchain opierała się bowiem na cyfrowych zapisach i dotyczyła szeroko pojętych transakcji wymiany, przy czym sam proces wymiany z wykorzystaniem koncepcji blockchain ograniczał się do kolejno zdefiniowanych reprezentantów wartości. W rezultacie, to właśnie zrozumienie tych aspektów i zachodzących pomiędzy nimi zależności pozwoli na kompleksową analizę nowatorskiej koncepcji, jak również ułatwi zrozumienie możliwości jakie technologia blockchain zaoferowała.
Spis treści:WstępRozdział 1. Przesłanki i tło powstania technologii blockchain1.1. Trzy wymiary zapisu1.2. Technologie informacyjno-komunikacyjne (ICT) a zapis1.3. Wartość zapisu w trzech wymiarachRozdział 2. Przechwytywanie wartości w obliczu zmian technologicznych2.1. Przechwytywanie wartości w wymiarze infrastruktury2.2. Przechwytywanie wartości w wymiarze informacji2.3. Przechwytywanie wartości w wymiarze wartościRozdział 3. Istota i charakterystyka technologii blockchain3.1. Blockchain jako trzyelementowy system3.2. Element numer jeden: infrastruktura (struktura) danych3.3. Element numer dwa: reprezentant wartości3.4. Element numer trzy: zasady i logika działaniaRozdział 4. Blockchain a przechwytywanie wartości w warunkach gospodarki cyfrowej4.1. Blockchain a zapis cyfrowy w wymiarze wartości4.2. Blockchain a zapis cyfrowy w wymiarze infrastruktury4.3. Blockchain a zapis cyfrowy w wymiarze informacji4.4. Blockchain jako rozwiązanie okołowartościoweRozdział 5. Manipulacje, nadużycia i oszustwa w kontekście technologii blockchain5.1. Pierwsza soczewka: wewnętrzne źródła problemów5.2. Druga soczewka: zewnętrzne uwarunkowania5.3. Trzecia soczewka: zastosowanieZakończenieBibliografia
Katarzyna Ciupa strateg i konsultant posiadający 7+ lat międzynarodowego doświadczenia (AT, CH, DE, PL) w pracy w/dla sektora finansowego (bankowość inwestycyjna i regulacje, konsulting biznesowy, kontroling funduszy inwestycyjnych). Była głównym managerem zarządzającym wdrożeniem regulacji MiFID II i MAR w Raiffeisen Centrobank w Wiedniu. Ponadto opracowała strategie banku i koordynowała współprace banku z sektorem FinTech. Wcześniej, jako konsultant strategiczny w Simon Kucher & Partners w Wiedniu doradzała bankom w zakresie m.in. definiowania strategii współpracy z podmiotami z branży nowych technologii. Jest również badaczem (m.in. wygrała światowy konkurs naukowy organizowany przez OECD) i prelegentem (m.in. dla takich podmiotów jak IACA, Austrian Standards, TransInfo) z zakresu nowych technologii. Jest absolwentką studiów magisterskich w Szkole Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie (SGH) oraz Vienna University of Economics and Business (CEMS). Aktualnie jest w trakcie studiów doktoranckich z dyscypliny finanse w Szkole Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie i przygotowuje pracę doktorską na temat finansowania start-upów opartego na technologii blockchain.
Abraham, C., (2018), The Origin Story of the Initial Coin Offering (ICO) Token Sale History, January 9, 2019, https://newconomy.media/article/the-origin-story-of-the- initial-coin-offering-ico-token-sale-history/.Adhami, S., Giudici, G., & Martinazzi, S., (2018), Why do businesses go crypto? An empirical analysis of Initial Coin Offerings, Journal of Economics and Business, Vol. 100, No.No-vember-December 2018, p. 64–75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.04.001.Adrian, T., & Mancini-Griffoli, T., (2019), From Stablecoins to Central Bank Digital Cur-rencies, September 30, 2019, https://blogs.imf.org/2019/09/26/from-stablecoins- to-central-bank-digital-currencies/.Agrawal, A., Gans, J., & Goldfarb, A., (2016), The Simple Economics of Machine Intelli-gence, Harvard Business Review, Vol. November 2016, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2016/11/the-simple-economics-of-machine-intelligence.Ahmed, A., (2019), The Trust Crisis In The Business World, Forbes, Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/ashikahmed/2019/04/30/the-trust-crisis-in-the-business-world/.Akerlof, G.A., (1970), The Market for “Lemons”: Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mecha-nism, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 84, No.3, p. 488–500. Albrecht, S., Reichert, S., Schmid, J., Strüker, J., Neumann, D., & Fridgen, G., (2018), Dyna-mics of Blockchain Implementation - A Case Study from the Energy Sector, Presented at the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Science, https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2018.446.Alexandre, A., (2018), New Study Says 80 Percent of ICOs Conducted in 2017 Were Scams, Febru-ary 6, 2019, https://cointelegraph.com/news/new-study-says-80-percent-of-icos- conducted-in-2017-were-scams.Alexandre, A., (2019), EU Report Calls for Blockchain Interoperability Standards, July 10, 2019, https://cointelegraph.com/news/eu-report-calls-for-blockchain-interoperability -standards.Allison, I., (2019), JPMorgan Quietly Reboots the Blockchain Behind Its JPM Coin Cryptocurrency, November 26, 2019, https://www.coindesk.com/jpmorgan-has-quietly-rebooted -the-blockchain-tech-behind-its-jpm-coin.Alstyne, M.W.V., Parker, G.G., & Choudary, S.P., (2016a), 6 Reasons Platforms Fail, Harvard Business Review, No. March 2016, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2016/03/ 6-reasons-platforms-fail.194 BibliografiaAlstyne, M.W.V., Parker, G. G., & Choudary, S. P., (2016b), Pipelines, Platforms, and the New Rules of Strategy, Harvard Business Review, Vol. April 2016,, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2016/04/pipelines-platforms-and-the-new-rules-of-strategy.Alun, J., (2019), China’s digital currency will kick off “horse race”: central bank official, Reu-ters, Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-markets-digital- currency-idUSKBN1XG0BI.Ametrano, F.M., (2016), Hayek Money: The Cryptocurrency Price Stability Solution (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 2425270), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2425270.Ammous, S., (2019), The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking (1st ed.), Hoboken, New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons. Amsden, R., & Schweizer, D., (2018), Are Blockchain Crowdsales the New “Gold Rush”? Success Determinants of Initial Coin Offerings (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3163849), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3163849.Antonopoulos, A., (2014), Bitcoin security model: trust by computation, July 2, 2018, http://radar.oreilly.com/2014/02/bitcoin-security-model-trust-by-computation.html.Athey, S., Catalini, C., & Tucker, C., (2017), The Digital Privacy Paradox: Small Money, Small Costs, Small Talk (No. 23488), National Bureau of Economic Research, Retrieved from https://people.stanford.edu/athey/sites/default/files/digital_privacy_paradox_02_ 13_17.pdf.Azaria, A., Ekblaw, A., Vieira, T., & Lippman, A., (2016), MedRec: Using Blockchain for Medical Data Access and Permission Management (pp. 25–30), IEEE, https://doi.org/10.1109/OBD.2016.11.Babkin, A., Golovina, T., Polyanin, A., & Vertakova, Y., (2018), Digital model of sharing economy: blockchain technology management, SHS Web of Conferences, Vol. 44,, p. 00011, https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184400011.Bach, L.M., Mihaljević, B., & Žagar, M., (2018), Comparative Analysis of Blockchain Consen-sus Algorithms (p. 6), Presented at the 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO), Opa-tija, Croatia, IEEE. Back, A., (2002), Hashcash - A Denial of Service Counter-Measure, p. 10. Bakos, Y. & Halaburda, H., (2018), The Role of Cryptographic Tokens and ICOs in Fostering Plat-form Adoption (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3207777), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3207777.Bank for International Settlements, (2017), Distributed ledger technology in payment, clearing and settlement, p. 29. Barrdear, J. & Kumhof, M., (2016), The Macroeconomics of Central Bank Issued Digital Currencies, Bank of England, Working Paper No. 605, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2811208.Bartoletti, M. & Pompianu, L., (2017), An empirical analysis of smart contracts: platforms, applications, and design patterns. 195 BibliografiaBasden, J., & Cottrell, M., (2017), How Utilities Are Using Blockchain to Modernize the Grid, Harvard Business Review, Vol. March 2017,, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/how-utilities-are-using-blockchain-to-modernize-the-grid.Benedetti, H. & Kostovetsky, L., (2018), Digital Tulips? Returns to Investors in Initial Coin Offerings (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3182169), Rochester, NY: Social Science Rese-arch Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3182169.Berg, C., Davidson, S. & Potts, J., (2018), Some Public Economics of Blockchain Technology (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3132857), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3132857.Berman, K. & Knight, J., (2009), Lehman’s Three Big Mistakes, Harvard Business Review, No.September 2009, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2009/09/lessons-from-lehman.BIS, (2018), Central Bank Digital Currencies (Committee on Payments and Market Infra-structures Markets Committee) (pp. 1–34), Switzerland: Bank for International Set-tlement, Retrieved from https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/d174.pdf.Blockdata, (2018), Stablecoins - an overview of the current state of stablecoins (pp. 1–31), Amsterdam: Blockdata, Retrieved from https://download.blockdata.tech/blockdata-stablecoin-report-blockchain-technology.pdf.Blockdata, (2019), It’s not just Project Libra and JPM Coin: 134 stablecoin projects are in development, September 30, 2019, https://medium.com/blockdata/stablecoin- report-blockdata-a5ad83525333.Blomqvist, K., (1997), The many faces of trust, Scandinavian Journal of Management, Vol. 13, No.3, p. 271–286, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-5221(97)84644-1.Bocek, T., Rodrigues, B.B., Strasser, T., & Stiller, B., (2017), Blockchains everywhere - a use--case of blockchains in the pharma supply-chain, In 2017 IFIP/IEEE Symposium on Inte-grated Network and Service Management (IM) (pp. 772–777), Lisbon,, https://doi.org/10.23919/INM.2017.7987376.Böhme, R., Christin, N., Edelman, B. & Moore, T., (2015), Bitcoin: Economics, Technology, and Governance, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 29, No.2, p. 213–238, https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.29.2.213.Bonneau, J., Felten, E., Miller, A. & Narayanan, A., (2016), Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Technologies: A Comprehensive Introduction, Princeton, Princeton University Press, Retrieved from https://www.amazon.com/Bitcoin-Cryptocurrency-Technologies -Comprehensive-Introduction/dp/0691171696.Bonneau, J., Miller, A., Clark, J., Narayanan, A., Kroll, J.A., & Felten, E. W., (2015), SoK: Research Perspectives and Challenges for Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies (pp. 104–121), IEEE, https://doi.org/10.1109/SP.2015.14.Bons, R.W.H., Alt, R., Lee, H.G., & Weber, B., (2012), Banking in the Internet and mobile era, Electronic Markets, Vol. 22, No. 4, p. 197–202, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525 -012-0110-6.Brenner, S. & Kreis, D., (2014), Digitalization and Digitization – Culture Digitally, June 26, 2019, http://culturedigitally.org/2014/09/digitalization-and-digitization/.196 BibliografiaBresnahan, T.F. & Trajtenberg, M., (1995), General purpose technologies ‘Engines of growth’?, Journal of Econometrics, Vol. 65, No.1, p. 83–108, https://doi.org/10.1016/ 0304-4076(94)01598-T.Brickey, K.F., (2003), From Enron to Worldcom and Beyond: Life and Crime after Sarbanes--Oxley, Washington University Law Quarterly, Vol. 81,, p. 357. Brokaw, L., (2014), How to Win With a Multisided Platform Business Model, June 5, 2019, https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/how-to-win-with-a-multisided-platform-business -model/.Brown, C., (2016), 3 Questions to Ask Before Adopting a Platform Business Model, Harvard Busi-ness Review, No.April 2016, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2016/04/3-questions-to- ask-before-adopting-a-platform-business-model.Brown, R.G., (2014), The “Unbundling of Trust”: how to identify good cryptocurrency oppor-tunities?, July 28, 2018, https://gendal.me/2014/11/14/the-unbundling-of-trust- how-to-identify-good-cryptocurrency-opportunities/.Brown, R.G., (2018), The Corda Platform: An Introduction, p. 21. Brynjolfsson, E., & Kahin, B., (2002), Understanding the Digital Economy: Data, Tools, and Research, MIT Press. Bullmann, D., Klemm, J. & Pinna, A., (2019), Occasional Paper Series in search for stabi-lity in crypto-assets: are stablecoins the solution? (No. 230) (pp. 1–55), Frankfurt am Main, Germany: European Central Bank, Retrieved from https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpops/ecb.op230~d57946be3b.en.pdf.Buntinx, J., (2018), The Useless Ethereum Token Crowdsale Netted $300K, July 11, 2019, https://themerkle.com/the-useless-ethereum-token-crowdsale-netted-300k/.Burn-Callander, R., (2014), The history of money: from barter to bitcoin, The Telegraph, Retrie-ved from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/businessclub/money/11174013/The-history-of-money-from-barter-to-bitcoin.html.Burniske, C. & Tatar, J., (2017), Cryptoassets: The Innovative Investor’s Guide to Bitcoin and Beyond, USA, McGraw-Hill, Retrieved from https://www.amazon.com/Cryptoassets-Innovative-Investors-Bitcoin-Beyond/dp/1260026671.Burns Koven, J., (2016), Block The Vote: Could Blockchain Technology Cybersecure Elec-tions?, Forbes, Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/08/30/block-the-vote-could-blockchain-technology-cybersecure-elections/.Business Wire, (2017), Walmart, JD.com, IBM and Tsinghua University Launch a Blockchain Food Safety Alliance in China, July 2, 2018, https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20171213006244/en/Walmart-JD.com-IBM-Tsinghua-University-Launch- Blockchain.Buterin, V., (2013), Ethereum Whitepaper. A NEXT GENERATION SMART CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM, p. 36, Cai, W., Wang, Z., Ernst, J., Hong, Z., Feng, C. & Leung, V., (2018), Decentralized Applica-tions: The Blockchain-Empowered Software System, IEEE Access, Vol. 6,, p. 53019–53033, https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2870644.197 BibliografiaCarson, B., Romanelli, G., Walsh, P., & Zhumaev, A., (2018), The strategic business value of the blockchain market | McKinsey, September 7, 2018, https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/digital-mckinsey/our-insights/blockchain-beyond-the-hype- what-is-the-strategic-business-value.Carstens, A., (2018), My message to young people: stop trying to create money, Basler Zeitung, No.25.06.2018, Retrieved from https://www.bis.org/speeches/sp180704a.htm.Casey, M.J. & Wong, P., (2017), Global Supply Chains Are About to Get Better, Thanks to Blockchain, Harvard Business Review, No.March 2013, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/global-supply-chains-are-about-to-get-better-thanks-to-blockchain.Catalini, C., (2017), How Blockchain Applications Will Move Beyond Finance, Harvard Business Review, No.March 2017, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/how-blockchain-applications-will-move-beyond-finance.Catalini, C. & Gans, J. S., (2018a), Initial Coin Offerings and the Value of Crypto Tokens (Working Paper No. 24418), National Bureau of Economic Research, https://doi.org/10.3386/w24418.Catalini, C. & Gans, J.S., (2018b), Some Simple Economics of the Blockchain, NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH, No. 22952, Chakravorti, B., Bhalla, A., & Chaturvedi, R.S., (2018), The 4 Dimensions of Digital Trust, Charted Across 42 Countries, Harvard Business Review, No.February 2018, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2018/02/the-4-dimensions-of-digital-trust-charted-across-42-countries.Chanson, M., Gjoen, J., Risius, M. & Wortmann, F., (2018), Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs): The role of Social Media for Organizational Legitimacy and Underpricing, p. 17.Chasourakis, A. & Lundgren, T., (2018), Entrepreneurial behaviour after financing: Angel investment, crowdfunding and ICOs, Retrieved from https://gupea.ub.gu.se/handle/2077/57051.Chen, Y., (2018), Blockchain tokens and the potential democratization of entrepreneurship and innovation, Business Horizons, Vol. 61, No.4, p. 567–575, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.03.006.Cheng, E., (2018), Japanese cryptocurrency exchange loses more than $500 million to hackers, February 10, 2019 https://www.cnbc.com/2018/01/26/japanese-cryptocurrency-exchange-loses-more-than-500-million-to-hackers.html.Chitchyan, R. & Murkin, J., (2018), Review of Blockchain Technology and its Expectations: Case of the Energy Sector, ArXiv:1803.03567 [Cs], Retrieved from http://arxiv.org/abs/1803.03567.Chohan, U.W., (2019), Are Stable Coins Stable? (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3326823) (pp. 1–10), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3326823.Choudary, Sangeet Paul, (2018), Platform Strategy – by Sangeet Paul Choudary, April 3, 2018, http://platformed.info/.Choudary, Sangeet Pauls, (2015), Platform Scale. How an emerging business model helps star-tups build large empires with minimum investments (First Edition), Platform Thinking Labs Pte. Ltd. 198 BibliografiaCipherTrace, (2018a), 2018 Q3 Cryptocurrency Anti-Money Laundering Report, p. 22. CipherTrace, (2018b), Cryptocurrency Anti-Money Laundering Report, 2018 Q4, Retrieved from https://ciphertrace.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/crypto_aml_report_2018 q4.pdf.Ciupa, K., (2019), Warianty zastosowania koncepcji blockchain a modele ich doboru, Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów, Vol. Zeszyt Naukowy 173, p. 89–110. Clark, J. & Narayanan, A., (2017), Bitcoin’s Academic Pedigree, Communication of the ACM, Vol. 60, No.12, p. 36–45.Clikeman, P.M., (2013), Called to Account: Financial Frauds that Shaped the Accounting Pro-fession (2 edition), New York ; London, Routledge. Coase, R.H., (1937), The Nature of the Firm, Economica, Vol. 4, No.16, p. 386–405. Cochrane, K., (2018), To Regain Consumers’ Trust, Marketers Need Transparent Data Practices, Harvard Business Review, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2018/06/to-regain-consumers-trust-marketers-need-transparent-data-practices.Conley, J.P., (2017), Blockchain and the Economics of Crypto-tokens and Initial Coin Offe-rings, Vanderbilt University,, Retrieved from http://www.accessecon.com/Pubs/VUECON/VUECON-17-00008.pdf.Dabrowski, M. & Janikowski, L., (2018), Virtual currencies and central banks monetary policy: challenges ahead, p. 33. Davidson, S., De Filippi, P. & Potts, J., (2018), Economics of Blockchain, p. 23. Davies, G., (2002), A History of Money. From Ancient Times to the Present Day (Third Edi-tion), Cardiff, University of Wales Press. De Filippi, P., (2017), What Blockchain Means for the Sharing Economy, Harvard Business Review, No.March 2017, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/what-blockchain-means-for-the-sharing-economy.De Kruiff, J. & Weigand, H., (2017), Towards a Blockchain Ontology, The Netherlands,, Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0782/c5badb4f407ee0964d07eda-9f74a92de3298.pdf.Denis, D.J., (2004), Entrepreneurial finance: an overview of the issues and evidence, Journal of Corporate Finance, Vol. 10, No.2, p. 301–326, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0929- 1199(03)00059-2.Dwyer, G.P., (2015), The economics of Bitcoin and similar private digital currencies, Journal of Financial Stability, Vol. 17, p. 81–91, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2014.11.006.Eisenhardt, K.M., (2002), Has strategy changed?, MIT Sloan Management Review; Cam-bridge, Vol. 43, No.2, p. 88–91.Elegant, N.X., (2019), China’s Digital Currency Is a “Wake-Up Call” for the U.S., November 26, 2019, https://fortune.com/2019/11/01/china-digital-currency-libra-wakeup-call-us/.Esteves, R., (2018), Savedroid Fakes $50 Million ICO Exit Scam, Community Outraged, Febru-ary 10, 2019, https://www.newsbtc.com/2018/04/20/savedroid-fakes-50-million- ico-exit-scam-community-outraged/.199 BibliografiaEstrin, S., Gozman, D. & Khavul, S., (2018), The evolution and adoption of equity crowd-funding: entrepreneur and investor entry into a new market, Small Business Economics, Vol. 51, No.2, p. 425–439, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0009-5.ETHgasstation.info, (2019), What’s the Maximum Ethereum Block Size?, November 25, 2019, https://ethgasstation.info/blog/ethereum-block-size/.European Parliament, Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on market abuse (market abuse regulation) and repealing Direc-tive 2003/6/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Direc-tives 2003/124/EC, 2003/125/EC and 2004/72/EC Text with EEA relevance, Pub. L. No. 32014R0596, 173 OJ L (2014), Retrieved from http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2014/596/oj/eng.Evans, D.S., (2014), Economic Aspects of Bitcoin and Other Decentralized Public-Ledger Cur-rency Platforms, SSRN Electronic Journal, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2424516.Evans, D.S., (2016), Multisided Platforms, Dynamic Competition, and the Assessment of Mar-ket Power for Internet-Based Firms, SSRN Electronic Journal, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2746095.Evans, D.S. & Schmalensee, R., (2016), Matchmakers: The New Economics of Multisided Plat-forms, Harvard Business Review Press. Evans, D.S., Schmalensee, R., Noel, M.D., Chang, H.H. & Garcia-Swartz, D. D., (2011), Platform Economics: Essays on Multi-Sided Businesses, Competition Policy International, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1974020.EY, (2017), EY research: initial coin offerings (ICOs) (pp. 1–44), Retrieved from https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/ey-study-ico-research/$FILE/ey-study-ico--research.pdf.Feig, E., (2018), A Framework for Blockchain-Based Applications, ArXiv:1803.00892 [Cs], Retrieved from http://arxiv.org/abs/1803.00892.Felix, T., (2018), Underpricing in the Cryptocurrency World: Evidence from Initial Coin Offe-rings (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3202320), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3202320.FINMA, E.F., (2018), FINMA publiziert Wegleitung zu ICOs, July 2, 2018, https://www.finma.ch/de/news/2018/02/20180216-mm-ico-wegleitung/.Fisch, C., (2018), Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) to Finance New Ventures: An Exploratory Study (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3147521), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3147521.Fisch, C., (2019), Initial coin offerings (ICOs) to finance new ventures, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 34, No.1, p. 1–22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2018.09.007.Fisch, C., Masiak, C., Vismara, S., & Block, J.H., (2018), Motives to Invest in Initial Coin Offe-rings (ICOs) (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3287046), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3287046.Fisher, I., (1911), Fisher’s “The Purchasing Power of Money,” Publications of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 12, No.96, p. 818–829, https://doi.org/10.2307/2965060.200 BibliografiaFjeldstad, Ø.D. & Snow, C.C., (2018), Business models and organization design, Long Range Planning, Vol. 51, No.1, p. 32–39, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2017.07.008.Foley, S., Karlsen, J.R., & Putniņš, T.J., (2018), Sex, Drugs, and Bitcoin: How Much Illegal Activity Is Financed Through Cryptocurrencies? (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3102645), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3102645.Forde, B., (2017), Using Blockchain to Keep Public Data Public, Harvard Business Review, No.March 2017, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/using-blockchain-to- keep-public-data-public.Francis, R., (2018), Cryptocurrency: Bitcoin, blockchain and the future of money, The Fort Worth Business Press, Friedman, H.H. & Friedman, L.W., (2009), The Global Financial Crisis of 2008: What Went Wrong? (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 1356193), Rochester, NY: Social Science Rese-arch Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1356193.Friedman, M., (1992), Money Mischief: Episodes in Monetary History, New York, San Diego, London, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers, Retrieved from https://www.amazon.de/Money-Mischief-Episodes-Monetary-History-ebook/dp/B003WUYQ6Y/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1530526302&sr=8-1&key-words=9780547542225.Gajewski, J.M., Paprocki, W. & Pieriegud, J., (2016), Cyfryzacja gospodarki i społeczeństwa: szanse i wyzwania dla sektorów infrastrukturalnych, Gdańsk, Instytut Badań nad Gospo-darką Rynkową. Gdańska Akademia Bankowa. Gantori, S., Donovan, P., Ganesh, K., DeMichiel, M., Dennean, K., Trussari, F. & Klien, M., (2017), Cryptocurrencies Beneath the Bubble, Retrieved from https://www.ubs.com/content/dam/WealthManagementAmericas/cio-impact/cryptocurrencies.pdf.Gibraltar Finance. HM Government of Giblartar, (2018), Token Regulation (p. 9), Giblartar. Giroux, G., (2008), What Went Wrong? Accounting Fraud and Lessons from the Recent Scan-dals, Social Research, Vol. 75, No.4, p. 1205–1238. Greenstein, S., Goldfarb, A. & Tucker, C., (2013), The Economics of Digitization, Edward Elgar Publishing, Retrieved from https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/the-economics -of-digitization.Groendahl, B., (2018), Austrian Bitcoin ‘Scam’ Triggers Police Search Across Europe - Blo-omberg, February 10, 2019, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-02-15/austrian-bitcoin-scam-triggers-police-search-across-europe.Gromska, D., (2007), Arystoteles. Etyka nikomachejska, Warszawa, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Retrieved from http://lubimyczytac.pl/ksiazka/59528/etyka-nikomachejska.Grossman, N., (2018), What are Cryptonetworks and Why are Tokens Fundamental?.Gupta, M., (2017), Blockchain for Dummies, IBM Limited Edition, USA, John Wiley & Sons, Retrieved from https://bertrandszoghy.files.wordpress.com/2017/05/ibm --blockchain-for-dummies.pdf.Gupta, V., (2017a), A Brief History of Blockchain, Harvard Business Review, No.February 2017, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/02/a-brief-history-of-blockchain201 BibliografiaGupta, V., (2017b), The Promise of Blockchain Is a World Without Middlemen, Harvard Business Review, No.March 2017, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/the-promise-of-blockchain-is-a-world-without-middlemen.Hacker, P. & Thomale, C., (2017), Crypto-Securities Regulation: ICOs, Token Sales and Cryp-tocurrencies under EU Financial Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3075820), Roche-ster, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3075820.Hagan, S., (2018), Digital Economy Has Been Growing at Triple the Pace of U.S. GDP, Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-03-15/digital-economy-has-been- growing-at-triple-the-pace-of-u-s-gdp.Hagiu, A., (2015), Strategic Decisions for Multisided Platforms, Top 10 Lessons on Strategy, MIT, p. 4–13. Halamka, J.D., Lippman, A. & Ekblaw, A., (2017), The Potential for Blockchain to Trans-form Electronic Health Records, Harvard Business Review, No.March 2017, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/the-potential-for-blockchain-to-transform-electronic -health-records.Hamrick, J.T., Rouhi, F., Mukherjee, A., Feder, A., Gandal, N., Moore, T. & Vasek, M., (2018), The Economics of Cryptocurrency Pump and Dump Schemes (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3303365), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3303365.Hardwick, F.S., Gioulis, A., Akram, R.N., & Markantonakis, K., (2018), E-Voting With Blockchain: An E-Voting Protocol with Decentralisation and Voter Privacy, In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData) (pp. 1561–1567), https://doi.org/10.1109/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00262.Heap, I., (2017), Blockchain Could Help Musicians Make Money Again, Harvard Busi-ness Review, No.June 2016, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/06/blockchain -could-help-musicians-make-money-again.Heieck, F., Ermakova, T., Fabian, B. & Lessmann, S., (2018), Equity Crowdfunding Based on the Blockchain? – A Delphi Study (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3198083), Roche-ster, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3198083.Hera, R., (2010), Forget About Housing, The The Real Cause Of The Crisis Was OTC Derivatives, February 6, 2019, https://www.businessinsider.com/bubble-derivatives-otc-2010-5.Hileman, G. & Rauchs, M., (2017), 2017 Global Blockchain Benchmarking Study (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3040224), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3040224.Hintzman, Z., (2017), Comparing Blockchain Implementations (p. 29), Presented at the 2017 Fall Technical Forum SCTE/ISBE, Denver, SCTE/ISBE. Hoang, H.T. & Mørken, S. E., (2018), Testing for Bubbles in the Bitcoin Market, Retrieved from https://brage.bibsys.no/xmlui/handle/11250/2563461202 BibliografiaHouben, D.R. & Snyers, A., (2018), Cryptocurrencies and blockchain, p. 103, Howell, S.T., Niessner, M. & Yermack, D., (2018), Initial Coin Offerings: Financing Growth with Cryptocurrency Token Sales (Working Paper No. 24774), National Bureau of Eco-nomic Research, https://doi.org/10.3386/w24774.Hukkinsen, T., (2018), Reducing blockchain transaction costs in a distributed energy market application. Hurder, S., (2018), The Economics of Tokenization Part I: Not Everything Can (or Should) be Tokenized, June 9, 2019, https://medium.com/prysmeconomics/the-economics-of-tokenization-part-i-not-everything-can-or-should-be-tokenized-ed9b32f5a0f2.Hurwicz, L., (1973), The Design of Mechanisms for Resource Allocation, The American Eco-nomic Review, Vol. 63, No.2, p. 1–30. Hurwicz, L., (1994), Economic design, adjustment processes, mechanisms, and institutions, Eco-nomic Design, Vol. 1, No.1, p. 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02716611.Iansiti, M. & Lakhani, K. R., (2017), The Truth About Blockchain, Harvard Business Review, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/01/the-truth-about-blockchain.IBM, (2018), Maersk and IBM to Form Joint Venture Applying Blockchain to Improve Glo-bal Trade and Digitize Supply Chains, July 2, 2018, https://www.newswire.ca/news--releases/maersk-and-ibm-to-form-joint-venture-applying-blockchain-to-improve-global-trade-and-digitize-supply-chains-669513713.html.IMFBlog, (2018), Addressing the Dark Side of the Crypto World, September 14, 2018, https://blogs.imf.org/2018/03/13/addressing-the-dark-side-of-the-crypto-world/.IPlytics GmbH, (2019), Leading companies for blockchain patent applications worldwide as of April 2019. Statista. Statista Inc.., September 20, 2019, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1015482/worldwide-blockchain-patent-applications-companies/.Ito, J., Narula, N. & Ali, R., (2017), The Blockchain Will Do to the Financial System What the Inter-net Did to Media, Harvard Business Review, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/the-blockchain-will-do-to-banks-and-law-firms-what-the-internet-did-to-media.Jensen, M.C., & Meckling, W.H., (1976), Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 3, No. 4, p. 305–360, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X.Johnson, S., (2018), Beyond the Bitcoin Bubble, The New York Times Magazine, Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/16/magazine/beyond-the-bitcoin-bubble.html.Jones, A., (2018), Illustrating the Contrasts of Initial Coin Offerings and Initial Public Offerings, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, p. 23. Kane, E., (2017), Is Blockchain a General Purpose Technology?, Melbourne, Australia: School of Economics, Finance & Marketing, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia, Retrie-ved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2932585.Keatinge, T., Carlisle, D. & Keen, F., (2018), Virtual Currencies and terrorist financing : asses-sing the risks and evaluating responses, p. 90. 203 BibliografiaKeidar, R. & Blemus, S., (2018), Cryptocurrencies and Market Abuse Risks: It’s Time for Self--Regulation (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3123881), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3123881.Kelly, J., (2019), JPMorgan jumps on the stablecoin bland-wagon, October 5, 2019, http://ftalphaville.ft.com/2019/02/14/1550156933000/JPMorgan-jumps- on-the-stablecoin-bland-wagon-/.Kenney, M. & Zysman, J., (2015), Choosing a Future in the Platform Economy: The Implica-tions and Consequences of Digital Platforms, Kauffman Foundation New Entrepreneu-rial Growth Conference, Retrieved from http://www.brie.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/PlatformEconomy2DistributeJune21.pdf.Kharif, (2018), How’s That ICO Working Out?, Bloomberg Businessweek, Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-12-14/crypto-s-15-biggest- icos-by-the-numbersKhatri, Y., (2018), FBI Arrests AriseBank CEO Over $4 Million Crypto Fraud, February 10, 2019, https://www.coindesk.com/fbi-arrests-arisebank-ceo-over-4-million-crypto-fraudKim, H.M., & Laskowski, M., (2018), Toward an ontology‐driven blockchain design for supply‐chain provenance - Business - ProQuest, Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management, Vol. 25, No.1, p. 18–27. Kimathi, B., (2018), Are Celebrity Issued Crypto Tokens Becoming The New Trend?, July 2, 2019, https://usethebitcoin.com/are-celebrity-issued-crypto-tokens-becoming-the- new-trend/.Koehn, N., (2009), Lehman in Context: A Historical Perspective, Harvard Business Review, No.June 2009, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2009/09/lehman-and-the-opportunity -for.Konopczak, M., Sieradzki, R. & Wiernicki, M., (2010), Kryzys na światowych rynkach finan -sowych – wpływ na rynek finansowy w Polsce oraz implikacje dla sektora realnego, Bank i Kredyt, Vol. 41, No.6, p. 45–70. Kshetri, N., (2018), 1 Blockchain’s roles in meeting key supply chain management objectives - Business - ProQuest, International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 39, No.A-pril 2018, p. 80–89. Łaszek, A., (2018), Raport FOR. E-rozwoj: cyfrowe technologie a gospodarka (pp. 1–37), War-szawa: Fundacja Forum Obywatelskiego Rozwoju – FOR, Retrieved from https://for.org.pl/pliki/podstrony/5313_raporte-rozwojsyntezapdfraportfore-rozwoj-cyfrowe-technologie-a-gospodarka.pdf.Lee, J. & Pilkington, M., (2017), How the Blockchain Revolution Will Reshape the Consumer Electronics Industry [Future Directions], IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, Vol. 6, No.3, p. 19–23, https://doi.org/10.1109/MCE.2017.2684916.Lee, Jongsub, Li, T. & Shin, D., (2018), The Wisdom of Crowds in FinTech: Evidence from Initial Coin Offerings (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3195877), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3195877.Lee, S., (2018), Embracing Blockchain Could Completely Change The Way Artists Sell Music And Interact With Fans, February 6, 2019, https://www.forbes.com/sites/204 Bibliografiashermanlee/2018/04/25/embracing-blockchain-could-completely-change-the-way-artists-sell-music-and-interact-with-fans/.Leinz, K. & Shapira, A., (2017), Long Island Iced Tea Soars After Changing Its Name to Long Blockchain, Bloomberg.Com, Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-12-21/crypto-craze-sees-long-island-iced-tea-rename-as-long- blockchain.Leon, D.C. de, Stalick, A.Q., Jillepalli, A.A., Haney, M.A., & Sheldon, F.T., (2017), Block-chain: properties and misconceptions, Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepre -neurship, Vol. 11, No.3, p. 286–300. LexisNexis PatentSight, (2019), Largest blockchain patent owners in Europe as of July 2019, by num-ber of filings at the European Patent Office. Statista. Statista Inc., September 20, 2019, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1028046/blockchain-patent-owners-epo-authority/.Lipusch, N., (2018), Initial Coin Offerings – A Paradigm Shift in Funding Disruptive Innova-tion (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3148181), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3148181.Liu, P.T.S., (2016), Medical Record System Using Blockchain, Big Data and Tokenization, In K.-Y. Lam, C.-H. Chi, & S. Qing (Eds.), Information and Communications Security (pp. 254–261), Springer International Publishing, Ludwin, A., (2017), A Letter to Jamie Dimon, https://blog.chain.com/a-letter-to-jamie- dimon-de89d417cb80.Macdonald, M., Liu-Thorrold, L., & Julien, R., (2017), The Blockchain: A Comparison of Platforms and Their Uses Beyond Bitcoin, Sydney: UNSW Sydney, https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.23274.52164.Mainelli, M., (2017a), Blockchain Will Help Us Prove Our Identities in a Digital World, Harvard Business Review, No.March 2013, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/blockchain-will-help-us-prove-our-identities-in-a-digital-world.Mainelli, M., (2017b), Blockchain Could Help Us Reclaim Control of Our Personal Data, Harvard Business Review, No.October 2017, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/10/smart-ledgers-can-help-us-reclaim-control-of-our-personal-data.Manohar, A.K., & Briggs, J., (2018), Identity Management in the Age of Blockchain 3.0 (p. 8), Presented at the CHI 2018 Workshop on HCI for Blockchain: Studying, Critiquing, Designing and Envisioning Distributed Ledger Technologies. Martineau, P., (2018), Inside the group chats where people pump and dump cryptocurrency, February 10, 2019, https://theoutline.com/post/3074/inside-the-group-chats-where- people-pump-and-dump-cryptocurrency.McLuhan, M., (1962), The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man, Toronto, University of Toronto Press, Retrieved from https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/440463.The_Gutenberg_Galaxy.Mengelkamp, E., Gärttner, J., Rock, K., Kessler, S., Orsin, L. & Weinhardt, (2018), Desi-gning microgrid energy markets A case study: The Brooklyn Microgrid, Applied Energy, Vol. 210, No. 15 January 2018, p. 870–880. 205 BibliografiaMenger, K., (1892), On the Origin of Money, The Economic Journal, Vol. 2, No. 6, p. 239–255, https://doi.org/10.2307/2956146.Mohsin, S., (2018), Mnuchin Warns Against Bitcoin Becoming the Next ‘Swiss Bank Acco-unt,’ Bloomberg.Com, Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/artic-les/2018-01-12/mnuchin-warns-against-bitcoin-becoming-next-swiss-bank-account.Momtaz, P.P., (2018), Initial Coin Offerings, Asymmetric Information, and Loyal CEOs (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3167061), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3167061.Momtaz, P.P., (2019), Token Sales and Initial Coin Offerings: Introduction, The Jour-nal of Alternative Investments, Vol. 21, No.4, p. 7–12, https://doi.org/10.3905/jai.2019.21.4.007.Moore, T., & Christin, N., (2013), Beware the Middleman: Empirical Analysis of Bitcoin--Exchange Risk, In A.-R. Sadeghi (Ed.), Financial Cryptography and Data Security (Vol. 7859, pp. 25–33), Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39884-1_3.Moura, T. & Gomes, A., (2017), Blockchain Voting and Its Effects on Election Transparency and Voter Confidence, In Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research (pp. 574–575), New York, NY, USA, ACM, https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085263.Nakamoto, S., (2008a), Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, Unknown,, Retrieved from https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf.Nakamoto, S., (2008b), Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, Nofer, M., Gomber, P., Hinz, O. & Schiereck, D., (2017), Blockchain, Business & Infor-mation Systems Engineering, Vol. 59, No. 3, p. 183–187, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-017-0467-3.Nowakowski, W., (2013), Kryptograficzne aspekty technologii wirtualnej waluty BitCoin , Elek-tronika, p. 58–62. Nowiński, W. & Kozma, M., (2017), How Can Blockchain Technology Disrupt the Existing Business Models?, Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 173–188, Oh, J. & Shong, I., (2017), A case study on business model innovations using Blockchain: focu-sing on financial institutions, Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 11, No.3, p. 335–344, https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-12-2017-038.Osterwalder, A. & Pigneur, Y., (2010a), Business Model Generation: A Handbook for Visio-naries, Game Changers, and Challengers, Retrieved from https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Business+Model+Generation%3A+A+Handbook+for+Visionaries%2C+Game+Changers%2C+and+Challengers-p-9780470876411.Osterwalder, A. & Pigneur, Y., (2010b), Business Model Generation: A Handbook for Visiona-ries, Game Changers, and Challengers, John Wiley & Sons.Panfil, M. & Szablewski, A., (2012), Business Valuation - Marek Panfil, Andrzej Szablewski, Warszawa, POLTEX, Retrieved from http://www.poltext.pl/b1116-Business-valu-ation.htm.206 BibliografiaPanfil, M. & Szablewski, A., (2013), Dylematy wyceny przedsiębiorstwa, Warszawa, POLTEX, Retrieved from http://www.poltext.pl/b1236-dylematy-wyceny-przedsiebiorstwa.htm.Paul, K., (2019), Libra: Facebook launches cryptocurrency in bid to shake up global finance, The Guardian, Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/jun/18/libra-facebook-cryptocurrency-new-digital-money-transactions.Peitz, M. & Waldfogel, J., (2012), The Oxford Handbook of the Digital Economy, Oxford University Press, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397840.001.0001.Pennington, R., Wilcox, H.D. & Grover, V., (2003), The Role of System Trust in Business-to--Consumer Transactions, Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 20, No.3, p. 197–226, https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045777.Piech, K., (2016), Leksykon pojęć na temat technologii blockchain i kryptowalut (pp. 1–18), War-szawa: Ministerstwo Cyfryzacji, Strumień „Blockchain i Kryptowaluty”, Retrieved from https://www.gov.pl/documents/31305/0/leksykon_pojec_na_temat_technolo-gii_blockchain_i_kryptowalut.pdf/77392774-1180-79ab-4dd5-089ffab37602.Pieroni, A., Scarpato, N., Di Nunzio, L., Fallucchi, F. & Raso, M., (2018), Smarter City: Smart Energy Grid based on Blockchain Technology, International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Vol. 8, No. 1, p. 298–306, https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.8.1.4954.Pilkington, M., (2016), Blockchain Technology: Principles and Applications, France: Univer-sity of Burgundy. PlanB, (2019), Modeling Bitcoin’s Value with Scarcity, November 25, 2019, https://medium.com/@100trillionUSD/modeling-bitcoins-value-with-scarcity-91fa0fc03e25Popper, N., (2015), Digital Gold: Bitcoin and the Inside Story of the Misfits and Millionaires Trying to Reinvent Money, HarperCollins Publishers, Retrieved from https://www.amazon.de/Digital-Gold-Bitcoin-Millionaires-Reinvent/dp/006236250X.Pozen, R.C., (2009), Is It Fair to Blame Fair Value Accounting for the Financial Crisis?, Harvard Business Review, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2009/11/is-it-fair-to-blame -fair-value-accounting-for-the-financial-crisis.PR Newswire, (2017), Transparency-One and Microsoft announce blockchain service for supply chain transparency: Blockchain initiative will enhance security of global supply chain data - Business - ProQuest, July 2, 2018, https://www.transparency-one.com/microsoft- blockchain-supply-chain-transparency/.Press, G., (2013), A Very Short History of Information Technology (IT), November 29, 2019, https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2013/04/08/a-very-short-history-of-information-technology-it/#6973fce32440.PwC, (2018), Stable Coin evolution and market trends (pp. 1–9), PwC Global: PwC, Retrieved from https://www.pwc.com.au/pdf/stable-coin-evolution-and-market-trends.pdf.Quah, D., (2003), Digital Goods and the New Economy (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 410604), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=410604.207 BibliografiaReinhart, C.M. & Rogoff, K.S., (2008), This Time is Different: A Panoramic View of Eight Centuries of Financial Crises (Working Paper No. 13882), National Bureau of Economic Research, https://doi.org/10.3386/w13882.Rochet, J.-C. & Tirole, J., (2003), Platform Competition in Two-Sided Markets, Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 1, No.4, p. 990–1029, https://doi.org/10.1162/154247603322493212.Rochet, J.-C. & Tirole, J., (2004), Two-Sided Markets: An Overview, Rogoff, K.S. & Reinhart, C. M., (2009), This Time Is Different, Princeton, Princeton Uni-versity Press, Retrieved from https://press.princeton.edu/titles/8973.html.Rosati, D.K., (2017), Polityka gospodarcza. Wybrane zagadnienia (Vol. 1), Warszawa, Oficyna Wydawnicza SGH, Retrieved from https://ksiegarnia.pwn.pl/Polityka-gospodarcza.--Wybrane-zagadnienia,764759480,p.html.Salviotti, G., De Rossi, L.M. & Abbatemarco, N., (2018), A structured framework to assess the business application landscape of blockchain technologies., https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2018.440.Savelyev, A., (2018a), Contract law 2.0: ‘Smart’ contracts as the beginning of the end of classic contract law, Information & Communications Technology Law, Vol. 26, No.2017-Issue 2, Retrie-ved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13600834.2017.1301036.Savelyev, A., (2018b), Some risks of tokenization and blockchainizaition of private law, Com-puter Law & Security Review, Vol. 34, No.4, p. 863–869, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2018.05.010.Schrage, M., (2016), Instead of Optimizing Processes, Reimagine Them as Platforms, Harvard Business Review, No.December 2016, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2016/12/instead-of-optimizing-processes-reimagine-them-as-platforms.Sehra, A., Smith, P. & Gomes, P., (2017), Economics of Initial Coin Offerings (pp. 1–31), Allen & Overly, Retrieved from http://www.allenovery.com/SiteCollectionDocu-ments/ICO-Article-Nivaura-20170822-0951%20%20-%20Final%20Draft.pdf.Selgin, G., (2018), Is Non-State Money Possible? mBank – CASE Seminar Proceedings No. 158, Zeszyty MBank-CASE, No.158/2018, p. 1–35. Shifflett, S. & Vigna, P., (2018), Some Traders Are Talking Up Cryptocurrencies, Then Dum-ping Them, Costing Others Millions, February 8, 2019, https://www.wsj.com/graphics/cryptocurrency-schemes-generate-big-coin/.Shikla, B., (2017), Mobile Banking: Exploring Trends For Market Leadership, Forbes, Retrie-ved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2017/05/16/mobile- banking-exploring-trends-for-market-leadership/.Smith, B., (2018), What would you have made if you held McAfee’s “Coin of the Day” to date?, February 10, 2019, https://www.coininsider.com/mcafee-coin-of-the-day-profits/.Sokolin, L., (2017), Token Mania (Autonomous Next).Southurst, J., (2014), Mt. Gox Files for Bankruptcy, Claims $63.6 Million Debt, February 10, 2019, https://www.coindesk.com/mt-gox-files-bankruptcy-claims-63-6m-debt.208 BibliografiaSpielman, A., (2016), Blockchain : digitally rebuilding the real estate industry (Thesis), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Retrieved from https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/106753.Staff, S., (2019), 10 Inspiring Quotes on Innovation, November 29, 2019, https://www.suc-cess.com/10-inspiring-quotes-on-innovation/.Stanley, I. & Dowler, R., (2019), The deep roots of the trust crisis | LSE Business Review, June 26, 2019, https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/businessreview/2019/01/28/the-deep-roots- of-the-trust-crisis/.Suberg, W., (2018), Vietnam: Pincoin, Ifan ICOs Exposed As Scams That Allege-dly Stole $660 Million, February 10, 2019, https://cointelegraph.com/news/vietnam-pincoin-ifan-icos-exposed-as-scams-that-allegedly-stole-660-million.Tabarrok, A. & Cowen, T., (2015), The End of Asymmetric Information, July 2, 2018, https://www.cato-unbound.org/2015/04/06/alex-tabarrok-tyler-cowen/end-asymmetric -information.Tapscott, A. & Tapscott, D., (2017), How Blockchain Is Changing Finance, Harvard Business Review, No.March 2017, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/how-blockchain -is-changing-finance.Tapscott, A. & Tapscott, D., (2018), Blockchain Revolution : Alex Tapscott Don Tap-scott, Jeff Cummings: Books, Retrieved from https://www.amazon.com/Blockchain -Revolution-Technology-Cryptocurrencies-Changing/dp/151135769X.Tapscott, D. & Tapscott, A., (2016), The Impact of the Blockchain Goes Beyond Finan-cial Services, Harvard Business Review, No. May 2016, Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2016/05/the-impact-of-the-blockchain-goes-beyond-financial-services.Tasca, P. & Tessone, C., (2018), Taxonomy of Blockchain Technologies. Principles of Identifica -tion and Classification , University of Zurich. Täuscher, K. & Laudien, S. M., (2018), Understanding platform business models: A mixed methods study of marketplaces, European Management Journal, Vol. 36, No.3, p. 319–329, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2017.06.005.The Economist, (2018), Blockchain technology may offer a way to re-decentralise the internet, The Economist, Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/special-report/2018/06/30/blockchain-technology-may-offer-a-way-to-re-decentralise-the-internet.The European Commission, (2019), Blockchain Technologies [Text], June 16, 2019, https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/blockchain-technologiesThe Technium, (2008), The Technium: Better Than Free, February 1, 2019, https://kk.org/thetechnium/better-than-fre/.Veuger, J., (2017), Trust in a viable real estate economy with disruption and blockchain, Facili-ties, Vol. 36, No.1/2, p. 103–120, https://doi.org/10.1108/F-11-2017-0106.Wales, K., (2015), Cyberfinance: Liberating the Financial Markets (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 2617250), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2617250.Wayner, P., (1997), Digital Cash, Second Edition (2 edition), Boston, Mass., Morgan Kaufmann. 209 BibliografiaWerner, R.A., (2014), Can banks individually create money out of nothing? — The theories and the empirical evidence, International Review of Financial Analysis, Vol. 36,, p. 1–19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2014.07.015.Wicksell, K., (1922), Vorlesungen über Nationalökonomie auf Grundlage des Marginalprinzipes. Vol. 2 Theoretischer Teil. Geld und Kredit - Online Library of Liberty, Geld Und Kredit, Vol. 2,, Retrieved from https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/wicksell-vorlesungen-uber-nationalokonomie-auf-grundlage-des-marginalprinzipes-vol-2.Wikipedia, (2019a), Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal, In Wikipedia, Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Facebook%E2%80%93Cam-bridge_Analytica_data_scandal&oldid=883076173.Wikipedia, (2019b), Pismo, In Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia, Retrieved from https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pismo&oldid=56255950.Williams-Grut, O., (2018), Startups raised $5.6 billion through ICOs in 2017 - Business Insi-der Deutschland, July 1, 2018, https://www.businessinsider.de/how-much-raised- icos-2017-tokendata-2017-2018-1?r=UK&IR=T).Williamson, O.E., (1975), Markets and hierarchies : analysis and antitrust implications : a study in the economics of internal organization., New York, Free Press.Williamson, O.E., (1985), The Economic Institutions od capitalism, Free Press, New York, Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a4d6/1a75c4b99d414084cc-84f404e5dd259b903b.pdf.World Economic Forum, (2015), Deep Shift Technology Tipping Points and Societal Impact, Retrieved from http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GAC15_Technological_Tip-ping_Points_report_2015.pdf.World Economic Forum, Global Agenda Council on the Future of Software & Society, (2015), Deep Shift Technology Tipping Points and Societal Impact (Survey Report), Swit-zerland: World Economic Forum. Wüst, K. & Gervais, A., (2017), Do you need a Blockchain?, Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Switzerland, p. 7, Xu, J., & Livshits, B., (2018), The Anatomy of a Cryptocurrency Pump-and-Dump Scheme, ArXiv:1811.10109 [Cs, q-Fin], Retrieved from http://arxiv.org/abs/1811.10109.Xu, X., Weber, I., Staples, M., Zhu, L., Bosch, J., Bass, L., Pautasso, C., Rimba, P., (2017), A Taxonomy of Blockchain-Based Systems for Architecture Design, In 2017 IEEE Internatio-nal Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) (pp. 243–252), https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSA.2017.33.Yadav, M., (2017), Exploring Signals for Investing in an Initial Coin Offering (ICO) (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 3037106), Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3037106.Yli-Huumo, J., Ko, D., Choi, S., Park, S. & Smolander, K., (2016), Where Is Current Rese-arch on Blockchain Technology?—A Systematic Review, PLOS ONE, Vol. 11, No. 10, p. e0163477, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163477.210 BibliografiaZespol Comparic.pl, (2018), 8 lat temu kupił dwie pizze za 10 tysięcy BTC. Rocznica Bit-coin Pizza Day!, June 11, 2019, https://comparic.pl/8-lat-temu-kupil-dwie-pizze -za-10-tysiecy-btc-rocznica-bitcoin-pizza-day/.Zhang, K. & Jacobsen, H.-A., (2018), Towards Dependable, Scalable, and Pervasive Distribu-ted Ledgers with Blockchains (pp. 1–10), Presented at the 2018 IEEE 38th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), Vienna, Austria, IEEE, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2018.00134.Zhao, J.L., Fan, S., & Yan, J., (2016), Overview of business innovations and research opportuni-ties in blockchain and introduction to the special issue, Financial Innovation, Vol. 2, No. 1, p. 1–7, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-016-0049-2.
40.50 zł 45.00 zł Cena netto: 38.57 zł
Karty przeznaczone są dla psychologów, terapeutów, socjoterapeutów, pedagogów do pracy indywidualnej i grupowej z dziećmi, a także dla nauczycieli podczas lekcji wychowawczych, czy zajęć świetlicowych. Materiały te z powodzeniem mogą być wykorzystywane przez rodziców i opiekunów, którzy chcieliby pomóc dzieciom w lepszym odkrywaniu świata własnych emocji, myśli i zachowań, ale nie potrafią z dziećmi o tym rozmawiać.Teczka zawiera:- 55 kart (18 kolorowych, pokazowych, laminowanych) oraz 37 czarno-..
63.00 zł 70.00 zł Cena netto: 60.00 zł
Książka poświęcona jest zagadnieniom przeciwdziałania przez zorganizowane grupy przestępcze i organizacje terrorystyczne czynnościom operacyjno-rozpoznawczym i procesowym prowadzonym przez służby państw w celu ich rozbicia. Opracowanie przedstawia zasadnicze aspekty techniki przestępczej zmierzającej do ukrycia majątku związanego z przestępstwem. W publikacji scharakteryzowano możliwe sposoby działań przestępczych zmierzające do uniemożliwienia organom ścigania identyfikacji i lokalizacji mieni..
67.50 zł 75.00 zł Cena netto: 64.29 zł
Karty pracy zawierają zadania nawiązujące do wymagań i sytuacji życia codziennego. Mają one na celu usprawnianie: - funkcji wykonawczych – umożliwiają m.in. zaplanowanie dnia, monitorowanie codziennych obowiązków i wykonywanie ich chronologicznie (przygotowanie planów posiłków, miesięcznego budżetu). Dzięki nim można wyhamować niewskazane reakcje, czy też zmienić zachowanie, gdy nie przynosi pożądanych efektów. Angażują elastyczność poznawczą i funkcje językowe. - procesów..
45.00 zł 50.00 zł Cena netto: 42.86 zł
Pierwsza na rynku polskim książka poświęcona prognozowaniu zagrożeń terrorystycznych, a równocześnie jedna z nielicznych dotyczących prognozowania zagrożeń dla bezpieczeństwa. Autor podkreśla w niej powiązania pomiędzy nauką a praktyką, stąd m.in. obszerne wykorzystanie dorobku amerykańskiej szkoły analizy wywiadowczej, która w modelowy sposób łączy teorię naukową i znaczenie utylitarne. Publikacja może być wykorzystana w charakterze swoistego podręcznika tworzenia analiz i prognoz strategiczn..
Publikacja będzie służyć wsparciem dla dorosłych osób z afazją na niełatwej drodze do odzyskania utraconej sprawności językowej. Zaburzenia afatyczne mogą pojawić się między innymi po przebytym udarze mózgu czy urazie głowy, występują więc stosunkowo często. Chorzy z afazją wymagają intensywnej, nierzadko wielomiesięcznej, rehabilitacji logopedycznej. Autor – logopeda pracujący na co dzień z pacjentami z afazją – zdaje sobie sprawę, jak ważną rolę w tym procesie odgr..
49.50 zł 55.00 zł Cena netto: 47.14 zł
Zagrożonym stało się życie współczesnego człowieka, kultura będąca jego wytworem, społeczeństwo, w którym żyje, państwo, którego powinnością jest zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa, kontynent, na którym przebywa i glob, gdzie zaistniało życie. Zagrożenia początkowo mało znaczące, obecnie stały się tak istotne, że człowiek zamiast czerpać radość z życia wśród tych wszystkich dóbr, które sobie wytworzył i świata, który sobie podporządkował, poczuł strach i ułomność swojej potęgi. Książka jest kon..
53.10 zł 59.00 zł Cena netto: 50.57 zł